|
Joseph Ritson (2 October 1752 – 23 September 1803) was an English antiquary. He was born in Stockton-on-Tees, County Durham, of a Westmorland yeoman family. He was educated for the law, mainly by Ralph Bradley the leading conveyancer. He then settled in London as a conveyancer at the age of twenty-two. He devoted his spare time to literature, and in 1782 published an attack on Thomas Warton's ''History of English Poetry''. The tone of his ''Observations'', in which Warton was treated as a pretender, charged with cheating and lying to cover his ignorance, caused a sensation in literary circles. In nearly all the small points with which he dealt, Ritson was in the right, and his corrections have since been adopted, but the unjustly bitter language of his criticisms roused great anger at the time, much, it would appear, to Ritson's delight. In 1783 Samuel Johnson and George Steevens were attacked in the same bitter fashion as Warton for their text of Shakespeare. Bishop Percy was next subjected to a furious onslaught in the preface to a collection of ''Ancient Songs'' (printed 1787, dated 1790, published 1792). In a letter (14 March 1803) to Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Robert Southey wrote that “Ritson is the oddest, but most honest of all our antiquarians, and he abuses Percy and Pinkerton with less mercy than justice.”〔Charles Cuthbert Southey (ed.), ''The life and correspondence of Robert Southey'', New York, 1855, p. 159.〕 Ritson spared no pains himself to ensure accuracy in the texts of old songs, ballads and metrical romances which he edited. His collection of the Robin Hood ballads is perhaps his greatest single achievement. However, he gave in to his own political prejudices as a Jacobin when he included the idea, uncommon until then, that Robin Hood robbed the rich and gave to the poor rather than simply robbing the Bishops and the Sheriff of Nottingham.〔Prof. Sir J. C. Holt, ''Robin Hood'', Thames and Hudson, 1989, pp.184-185.〕 Sir Walter Scott, who admired his industry and accuracy in spite of his temper, was almost the only man who could get on with him. According to Scott, Ritson was “a man of acute observation, profound research, and great labour.”〔Sir Walter Scott, ''Minstrelsy of the Scottish border'', 1821, p. 42.〕 On one occasion, when he called in Scott's absence, he spoke so rudely to his wife that he was threatened with being thrown out of the window. Spelling became one of his eccentricities; in his later books he increasingly adopted a reformed spelling of his own devising. As early as 1796, Ritson showed signs of mental collapse, and on 10 September 1803 he became completely insane, barricaded himself in his chambers at Gray's Inn, made a bonfire of manuscripts, and was finally forcibly removed to Hoxton, where he died. ==Bibliography== *''Verses addressed to the Ladies of Stockton. First printed in the Newcastle Miscellany, MDCCLXXII'', 1780 *''Observations on the three first volumes of the history of English poetry by T. W. in a letter to the author'', by Thomas Warton and Joseph Ritson, 1782 *''A Select Collection of English Songs'', 1783 *''The Spartan Manual, or Tablet of Morality, being a genuine collection of the apophthegms, maxims and precepts of the philosophers ... and other ... celebrated characters of antiquity, etc'', 1785 *''A Digest of the proceedings of the Court Leet of the Manor and Liberty of the Savoy'', 1789 *''Pieces of Ancient Popular Poetry: From Authentic Manuscripts and Old Printed Copies'', 1791, (Kessinger Publishing, 2007) ISBN 0-548-60052-X *''The Office of Constable: being an entirely new compendium of the law concerning that ancient minister for the conservation of the peace, etc'', 1791 *''Cursory criticisms on the edition of Shakespeare published by Edmond Malone'', 1792 *''The Northumberland Garland; or, Newcastle Nightingale: a matchless collection of famous songs''. Edited by Joseph Ritson, 1793 *''Law-Tracts. L.P'', 1794 *''Poems on interesting events in the reign of Edward III. written in the year MCCCLII. ... With a preface, dissertations, notes, and a glossary by J. Ritson'', by Laurence Minot and Joseph Ritson (editor), 1795 *''Ancient Songs and Ballads from the Reign of King Henry the Second to the Revolution in Two Volumes'', (BiblioBazaar, 2009) ISBN 1-103-18694-9 *''Bibliographia poetica: a catalogue of Engleish sic poets, of the twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth, centurys, with a short account of their works'', by Joseph Ritson, Philip Bliss, James Boswell, and John Payne Collier, 1802 *''Ancient Engleish Metrical Romanceës'', 1802, (Kessinger Publishing, 2009) ISBN 1-104-02459-4 *''An Essay on Abstinence from Animal Food, as a Moral Duty'', edited by Sir Richard Philips, London, 1802, (Kessinger Publishing, 2009) ISBN 1-4367-7108-0 *''A catalogue of the entire and curious library and manuscripts of the late Joseph Ritson'', 1803 *''The jurisdiction of the Court leet: Exemplified in the articles which the jury or inquest for the King, in that court, is charged and sworn, and by law enjoined, to inquire of and present, W. Clarke and Sons; 2d ed, with great additions'', edition 1809 *''Northern Garlands'', R. Triphook, 1810 *''The Office Of Bailiff Of A Liberty'', 1811 *''A Select Collection of English Songs, with Their Original Airs: and a Historical Essay on the Origin and Progress of National Song'', London, 1813, (Adamant Media Corporation, 2005) ISBN 1-4212-6009-3 *''The Caledonian Muse: A Chronological Selection of Scottish Poetry from the Earliest Times'', 1821, (Kessinger Publishing, 2007) ISBN 0-548-73946-3 *''Some account of the life and publications of the late Joseph Ritson, esq,'' by Joseph Haslewood, 1824 *''Life of King Arthur from Ancient Historians and Authentic Documents'', London, 1825, (Kessinger Publishing, 2003) ISBN 0-7661-8100-6 *''Annals of the Caledonians, Picts, and Scots and of Strathclyde, Cumberland, Galloway and Murray'', London, 1828, (BiblioBazaar, 2008) ISBN 0-554-48196-0 *''Memoirs of The Celts or Gauls'', Joseph Ritson and Joseph Frank, 1829, (BiblioBazaar, 2009) ISBN 1-103-37230-0 *''Letters from Joseph Ritson to George Paton'', 1829, (Kessinger Publishing, 2008) ISBN 1-4370-2591-9 *''Fairy Tales, Now First Collected: To which are prefixed two dissertations: 1. On Pygmies. 2. On Fairies'', London, 1831, (Adamant Media Corporation, 2004) ISBN 1-4021-4753-8 *''Robin Hood: A Collection of All the Ancient Poems, Songs, and Ballads, Now Extant Relative to That Celebrated English Outlaw: To Which are Prefixed Historical Anecdotes of His Life'', London, 1832, (Adamant Media Corporation, 2004) ISBN 1-4212-6209-6 *''The Letters of Joseph Ritson edited chiefly from originals in the possession of his nephew J. Frank. To which is prefixed a memoir of the author'', by Joseph Ritson, Joseph Frank, and Nicholas Harris Nicolas, 1833, (Kessinger Publishing, 2007) ISBN 0-548-72425-3 *''Gammer Gurton's Garland or the Nursery Parnassus: A Choice Collection of Pretty Songs and Verses'', 1866, (Kessinger Publishing, 2007) ISBN 0-548-69412-5 *''Scotish Songs'' ''(sic)'', 1869, (Kessinger Publishing, 2008) ISBN 1-4371-0663-3 *''Fairy Tales, Legends & Romances Illustrating Shakespeare & Other Early English Writers'', 1875, (Kessinger Publishing, 2003) ISBN 0-7661-4981-1 *''The Boy Knight ; or, Kindness Rewarded'', James B. Knapp, 1877 *''Ancient Popular Poetry V1: From Authentic Manuscripts and Old Printed Copies'', by Joseph Ritson and Edmund Goldsmid, 1884, (Kessinger Publishing, 2009) ISBN 1-104-01763-6 *''Ancient English metrical romances'', E. & G. Goldsmid, 1884 *''Northern Garlands: A Collection of Songs'', 1887 *''A dissertation on romance and minstrelsy: To which is appended the ancient metrical romance of Ywaine and Gawin'', 1891, (Kessinger Publishing, 2007) ISBN 0-548-78222-9 *''Joseph Ritson: A Critical Biography'', by Henry A. Burd, Illinois, 1916, (BiblioBazaar, 2008) ISBN 0-554-58449-2 *''Joseph Ritson, scholar-at-arms. With plates, including portraits, and a bibliography'', by Bertrand Harris Bronson, 1938 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Joseph Ritson」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|